EXTREME WEATHER PROMPTS UNPRECEDENTED GLOBAL WARMING ALERT
The Independent
July 3, 2003
http://news.independent.co.uk/...
In a startling report, the WMO, which normally produces detailed scientific
reports and staid statistics at the year's end, highlighted record extremes
in weather and climate occurring all over the world in recent weeks, from
Switzerland's hottest-ever June to a record month for tornadoes in the
United States -- and linked them to climate change.
The unprecedented warning takes its force and significance from the fact
that it is not coming from Greenpeace or Friends of the Earth, but from an
impeccably respected UN organisation that is not given to hyperbole (though
environmentalists will seize on it to claim that the direst warnings of
climate change are being borne out).
The Geneva-based body, to which the weather services of 185 countries
contribute, takes the view that events this year in Europe, America and Asia
are so remarkable that the world needs to be made aware of it immediately.
The extreme weather it documents, such as record high and low temperatures,
record rainfall and record storms in different parts of the world, is
consistent with predictions of global warming. Supercomputer models show
that, as the atmosphere warms, the climate not only becomes hotter but much
more unstable. "Recent scientific assessments indicate that, as the global
temperatures continue to warm due to climate change, the number and
intensity of extreme events might increase," the WMO said, giving a striking
series of examples.
In southern France, record temperatures were recorded in June, rising above
40C in places -- temperatures of 5C to 7C above the average.
In Switzerland, it was the hottest June in at least 250 years, environmental
historians said. In Geneva, since 29 May, daytime temperatures have not
fallen below 25C, making it the hottest June recorded.
In the United States, there were 562 May tornadoes, which caused 41 deaths.
This set a record for any month. The previous record was 399 in June 1992.
In India, this year's pre-monsoon heatwave brought peak temperatures of 45C
-- 2C to 5C above the norm. At least 1,400 people died in India due to the
hot weather. In Sri Lanka, heavy rainfall from Tropical Cyclone 01B
exacerbated wet conditions, resulting in flooding and landslides and killing
at least 300 people. The infrastructure and economy of south-west Sri Lanka
was heavily damaged. A reduction of 20-30 per cent is expected in the output
of low-grown tea in the next three months.
Last month was also the hottest in England and Wales since 1976, with
average temperatures of 16C. The WMO said: "These record extreme events
(high temperatures, low temperatures and high rainfall amounts and droughts)
all go into calculating the monthly and annual averages, which, for
temperatures, have been gradually increasing over the past 100 years.
"New record extreme events occur every year somewhere in the globe, but
in
recent years the number of such extremes have been increasing.
"According to recent climate-change scientific assessment reports of the
joint WMO/United Nations Environmental Programme Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, the global average surface temperature has increased since
1861. Over the 20th century the increase has been around 0.6C.
"New analyses of proxy data for the northern hemisphere indicate that
the
increase in temperature in the 20th century is likely to have been the
largest in any century during the past 1,000 years."
While the trend towards warmer temperatures has been uneven over the past
century, the trend since 1976 is roughly three times that for the whole
period.
Global average land and sea surface temperatures in May 2003 were the second
highest since records began in 1880. Considering land temperatures only,
last May was the warmest on record.
It is possible that 2003 will be the hottest year ever recorded. The 10
hottest years in the 143-year-old global temperature record have now all
been since 1990, with the three hottest being 1998, 2002 and 2001.
The unstable world of climate change has long been a prediction. Now, the
WMO says, it is a reality.